Pursuant to the National Incident Management System (NIMS) and the National Response Plan (NRP), Federal and State agencies build their command and coordination structures to support the local command and coordination structures during an emergency. Under the current response framework, the Federal government merely coordinates resources to meet the needs of local and State governments based upon their requests for assistance. Unified Management of the National ResponseĮffective incident management of catastrophic events requires coordination of a wide range of organizations and activities, public and private. During the Federal response to Katrina 3, four critical flaws in our national preparedness became evident: Our processes for unified management of the national response command and control structures within the Federal government knowledge of our preparedness plans and regional planning and coordination. While we have built a response system that ably handles the demands of a typical hurricane season, wildfires, and other limited natural and man-made disasters, the system clearly has structural flaws for addressing catastrophic events. But to be clear, it is unrealistic to think that even the strongest framework can perfectly anticipate and overcome all challenges in a crisis. Our current system for homeland security does not provide the necessary framework to manage the challenges posed by 21st Century catastrophic threats. Critical Challenge: National Preparedness Over one hundred recommendations for corrective action flow from these lessons and are outlined in detail in Appendix A of the Report. This chapter summarizes the challenges that ultimately led to the lessons we have learned. Yet each, particularly when taken in aggregate, directly affected the overall efficiency and effectiveness of our efforts. Others had an impact on a specific, discrete operational capability. Some of these seventeen critical challenges affected all aspects of the Federal response. These three will be discussed in the Reports last chapter, Transforming National Preparedness. EXTREME LANDINGS PRO EPISODE 1 CHALLENGE 6 HIT THE POINT PROFESSIONAL2 Three other challenges Training, Exercises, and Lessons Learned Homeland Security Professional Development and Education and Citizen and Community Preparedness are interconnected to the others but reflect measures and institutions that improve our preparedness more broadly. Fourteen of these critical challenges were highlighted in the preceding Week of Crisis section and range from high-level policy and planning issues (e.g., the Integrated Use of Military Capabilities) to operational matters (e.g., Search and Rescue). These lessons, which flow from the critical challenges we encountered, are depicted in the accompanying text box. We must move promptly to understand precisely what went wrong and determine how we are going to fix it.Īfter reviewing and analyzing the response to Hurricane Katrina, we identified seventeen specific lessons the Federal government has learned. Rather, we endeavor to find the answers in order to identify systemic gaps and improve our preparedness for the next disaster natural or man-made.
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